Refraction: A Programmed Text

Welcome to “Refraction: A Programmed Text.”  This course consists of a series of PowerPoint presentations, in a question/answer format, which are designed to be self-paced instruction covering geometrical and clinical optics.  You will be expected to go through this course, to accrue a base knowledge of optics, at the start of your residency program at Texas Tech Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences.

The course comprises thirteen parts [PowerPoint presentations]. You may stop at any time and pick where you have left off at a later time.

	PART I - NEUTRALIZATION of LENSES and MEASUREMENT of VISUAL ACUITY
	PART II- ACCOMMODATION
	PART III - CYCLOPLEGICS
	PART IV - MYOPIA, HYPEROPIA, AND ASTIGMATISM
	PART V - INTERPUPILLARY DISTANCE and TRIAL FRAME
	PART VI - RETINOSCOPY
	PART VII - SUBJECTIVE METHODS of VERIFYING RETINOSCOPY
	PART VIII - HETEROPHORIAS
	PART IX - PRESCRIPTION of GLASSES
	PART X - PRESBYOPIA and BIFOCALS
	PART XI - SPECTACLE ABERRATIONS
	PART XII - CONTACT LENSES
	PART XIII - APHAKIA
	PART XIV - BRIEF REVIEW